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Forest Genetic Resources

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Reference Definition:

All modern molecular biology techniques used to isolate, manipulate and transfer genes from one organism to another.

One such method is using recombinant DNA.

 

Other definitions:

genetic engineering
Genetic manipulations, by which an individual, having a new combination of inherited properties, is established.

Source:

Ayad, W.G. 1980. A Glossary of Plant Genetic Resources Terms IBPGR Secretariat. AGP: IBPGR/80/11. Rome

 

genetic engineering
The directed genetic modification of an individual organism to have a new heritable trait by splicing a specific gene into the individual's geonomic DNA sequence.

Source:

Helms, J. (ed). 1998. The Dictionary of Forestry. Society of American Foresters

 

genetic engineering
An all-inclusive term to cover all laboratory or industrial techniques used to alter the genetic machinery of organisms so that they can subsequently synthesize increased yields of compounds already in their repertoire, or form entirely new compounds, adapt to drastically changed environments, etc. Often, the techniques involve manipulating genes in ways that bypass normal sexual or asexual transmission.

Source:

King, R.C.; Stansfield, W.D. 1997. A Dictionary of Genetics. Oxford University Press

 

genetic engineering
The manipulation of an organism's genetic endowment by introducing or eliminating specific genes through modern molecular biology techniques. A broad definition of genetic engineering also includes selective breeding and other means of artifical selection.

Source:

Hagedorn, S. A. An Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Annotated Dictionary. http://gophisb.biochem.vt.edu/resources/glossary.html

 

genetic engineering
The use of in vitro techniques to manipulate the genes of an organism or their expression, i.e. to produce DNA containing new combinations of genes or gene sequences. The Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens is often used as a vector for transferring genetic information from a donor organism to a recipient cell devoid of such material.

Source:

IBPGR (comp.) 1991. Elsevier's Dictionary of Plant Genetic Resources. Rome

 

genetic engineering
The process of changing the genetic makeup of one organism by transferring DNA from another organism. Also known as Recombinant DNA technology. This could also include modification of genes.

Source:

BIOTECanada. What is biotechnology? Glossary. http://www.biotech.Ca/EN/what_glossary.htm

 

genetic engineering(recombinant DNA technology)
The isolation of useful genes from a donor organism or tissue and their incorporation into an organism that does not normally possess them.

Source:

Schmidt, L., 1997. Tree Improvement Glossary. Technical Note 46. Danida Forest Seed Centre

 

genetic engineering
1. The manipulation of the information flow of a biological system that is performed by the genetic structure of an organism. This manipulation is accomplished by regulating or altering the genes (Training on planning and implementing ecological programmes for production and rural development). 2. The international production of new genes and alteration of genomes by the substitution or addition of new genetic material (Mc Graw-Hill Dictionary of scientific and technical terms). 3. Techniques used by scientists to transfer genes from one organism to another. One such method is using recombinant DNA (D.A. Posey and G. Dutfield).

Source:

SRD Project. 1996. Glossary of Terms relevant to: Sustainable Agriculture, Seed Production and Handling Technology, Genetic Conservation, Agroforestry, Indigenous Knowledge Systems Development and Related Fields and Issues. Ottawa, Canada

 

genetic engineering
Techniques used to isolate, manipulate and transfer genes.

Source:

FAO. Biotechnology in forest tree improvement. FAO 118

 

genetic engineering
Artificial selection of cultigens to increase species efficiency for food production.

Source:

Žumer-Linder, 1979. M. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ecological studies 3, Uppsala